Counting is a very important part of ballet. Dancers must constantly be counting their steps in order to keep time with the music. If they miss a beat, they will no longer be synchronized with the other dancers.
In a movement called fondue (“to melt”), the dancer must bend and straighten her legs equally at the same time. Although the legs do not appear the same, the angle at which the two knees are bent should remain equal throughout the movement. This is very challenging!
Pirouettes are turns of the body. A single pirouette is a full 360 degree rotation. A double pirouette rotates twice.
Similar to the last examples, a double turn should be completed in the same amount of time as a single turn. This means a dancer must double the SPEED of the turn.
Similarly, if you add an extra beat to a jump, it must still be completed in the same amount of time.
In an entrechat, a dancer moves her legs twice as fast to complete the jump in the same amount of time as a changement.
Barre exercies are often done with the feet working in the following order: front, side, back, side. This order is called “en croix,” which means “in a cross.” When moving the feet to the side, you must alternate closing in front and back of your other leg. But where do you close first? That depends on on how many tendus you are doing in each direction. Is the number odd or even?
In preschool and kindergarten we learn how to identify and draw a circle. As we have seen, dancers need to have a good understanding of angles of rotation, and that includes 360 degrees. In an exercise called “rondejamb en lair” dancers draw circles with their toes, while keeping the rest of the body stationary.
Ballet dancers must have a good understanding of the physical capabilities of their bodies. This includes their maximum flexibility. During a class, dancers warm up their muscles gradually. They do this by initially doing a smaller movement, followed by a larger movement. The smaller movement is usually the half-way mark of their full capacity. Here are two examples:
A demi-plie (half bend of knees) bends half as much as a grande plie (full bend of knees).
In a cambre, the dancer stops at the half-way mark (90 degrees) before extending fulling to 180 degrees.
Ballet dancers are renowned for their flexibility and grace, but did you know that dancers must also be quick thinking mathematicians? Well, grab your leg warmers and read on, my friend!